During very hot weather it’s important to:

• keep out of the sun at the hottest time of the day, between 11am and 3pm
• plan to complete any physical activity (for example exercise or walking the dog) during times of the day when it is cooler
• keep your home cool by closing windows and curtains in rooms that face the sun
• cover up with suitable clothing, including hats and sunglasses
• apply sunscreen when going outside
• drink plenty of fluids and limit your alcohol and caffeine intake
• check in on older neighbours, relatives and friends who live alone to make sure they’re not having difficulties in the heat
• know the signs of heat exhaustion and heatstroke and what to do if you or someone else has them.

Hot weather and health conditions

People living with some long-term health conditions may be more at risk of dehydration, overheating and heat-related illness during hot weather. The following advice can help you stay safe and well.

Mental health conditions

Some mental health conditions and medications can affect the body’s ability to regulate temperature or recognise when someone is becoming unwell. If you have a mental health condition, you should:

• stay connected with family, friends and support services
• maintain regular routines where possible
• seek help if you feel your mental health is worsening during periods of hot weather

Dementia and cognitive impairment

People living with dementia may be less likely to recognise when they are becoming too hot or dehydrated. Families, carers and support workers can help by:

• offering regular drinks throughout the day
• ensuring living spaces remain as cool as possible
• encouraging the use of lightweight clothing
• checking regularly for signs of dehydration or heat exhaustion

Kidney disease

People with kidney disease can be at increased risk of dehydration and heat-related illness. If you have kidney disease, you should:

• follow any individual fluid advice provided by your clinical team
• monitor for symptoms such as dizziness, headaches or reduced urine output
• contact your healthcare team if you have concerns about fluid intake or symptoms

Heart conditions

Hot weather causes blood vessels to widen, making the heart work harder to maintain blood pressure. People living with heart failure, coronary heart disease or other cardiovascular conditions may find their symptoms become worse during extreme heat.

If you have a heart condition, you should:

• stay well hydrated unless you have been advised to restrict fluids
• avoid strenuous activity during the hottest parts of the day
• seek medical advice if you experience worsening breathlessness, dizziness, swelling or chest discomfort

Diabetes

Heat can affect blood glucose levels and increase the risk of dehydration. Some diabetes medications and insulin may also be affected by high temperatures. If you have diabetes, you should:

• check your blood glucose levels regularly, particularly if you are feeling unwell
• keep insulin and other medicines stored according to the manufacturer’s instructions
• drink water regularly and be alert to signs of dehydration
• seek advice if your blood glucose levels become difficult to control

Respiratory conditions

People with asthma, COPD and other lung conditions may find that hot weather, humidity and poor air quality can worsen their symptoms. If you have a respiratory condition, you should:

• continue using prescribed inhalers and medications
• carry your reliever inhaler when out and about
• monitor local air quality and pollen forecasts if these are known triggers for you
• seek advice if your symptoms become difficult to manage

If you are concerned about your symptoms or need advice, contact your GP practice, NHS 111, or your specialist healthcare team.